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Ma Kelu
Ma Kelu (born April 8, 1954, Shanghai) is a Chinese painter.〔Erickson, Britta. 2000. (Bibliography of Contemporary Chinese Art ). Stanford University〕 He first rose to prominence in the late 1970s and early 1980s as a member of the No Name Group, a circle of largely self-taught, underground artists based in Beijing, who worked in direct contravention of the Chinese government's official sponsorship of Socialist Realism. After the crackdown against avante garde artists during the "anti-spiritual pollution" campaign in 1986, he began to show his paintings in galleries in Berlin, New York, Boston, London, and Vancouver. In 2006, Ma's work was featured in the ''No Name Group Retrospective'' in Beijing, curated by internationally renowned Chinese art historian and critic Gao Minglu.〔Don, Katherine (October, 2006). (No Name Group Retrospective ).''Beijing This Month''〕
==Life and works==
Ma Kelu is an artist that has always stayed away from the mainstream and has never compromised to it. Due to unfortunate occurrence during Ma’s early years, he has never received formal painting classes and wasn’t even able to afford proper drawing materials. Despite the poverty, his family was very supportive and saved every penny to buy Ma the necessary tools to paint. Ma Kelu moved to Beijing with his father in 1960, and entered primary school in 1961. In 1968, he entered the Beijing 23 Secondary School, and started painting with Chan Fosheng as his teacher. In 1969, he got to know Wei Hai and Zhou Maiyou and together they discussed art. He was sent down to a village in 1970. He returned to Beijing in 1972 and worked in the Chaoyangmennei Restaurant, managed by the Food and Drinks Company of the Eastern District. In 1972-73, he met Zhang Wei, Li Shan, Shi Xixi, Zheng Ziyan, Bao Lean, Wei Hai, and Wang Aihe, and they regularly went out painting together. In 1974, he worked in the mechanical maintenance group of the Food and Drinks Company. In the same year, e met Zhao Wenliang, Yang Yushu, and Shi Zhenyu, and his painting style was influenced by Zhao and Yang. He also participated in an underground art exhibition of what was to become the Wuming (No Name) Painters Group.The exhibition was held at the home of Zahng Wei (room 305, Fusuijing Building, Beijing). He then participated in the first and second public exhibitions of the Wuming Painters Group in Beijing in 1979 and 1981. He resigned from his work to become a freelance artist in September 1984. In early 1988, he traveled to Germany, Sweden, and Denmark. He settled in New York at the end of October. In 1989, he was offered a scholarship to study art in the Painting and Sculpting School in Main. In 1989 and 1990, he studied in the Arts Department, Empire State College, State University of New York. He moved back to Beijing in 2006 and set up a studio inBeigao, the rural part of Beijing. Painting, precisely speaking, is where Ma Kelu’s interest lies. He sees himself as a “growing artist,” who holds and open-minded and studious attitude, as well as adaptive and creative abilities.
Ma enjoys painting so much because it has brought him immense amount of joy. Painting brought him comfort, offered him the opportunity to express himself, and allowed him an escape from reality during the time of Cultural Revolution. Between 1970 and 1972, Ma was sent to the countryside to do manual labor along with many of his peers. Besides being forced to toil in the fields, he often had to walk two miles to paint, so as to avoid the suspicious eyes in his village. In the wilderness, landscapes became a major theme of his painting. Returning to Beijing, he gradually became close with a group of other self-taught young painters. These painters, like Ma, were tired of the dominance of socialist-realist art. They of-ten gathered together in parks or the suburbs to paint landscapes. In order to avoid been noticed and to make their tools more portable, they modified small tool boxes into all-in-one paint¬ing kits. As a result, most of their paintings were small, normally about 60 square inches each.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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